E McCarthy Horse Racing Form | Downpatrick 15:32 16th June 2024

E McCarthy' Form | 16th June 2024

16th June 2024 Download The New Tote App Opportunity Handicap Hurdle

Total Horses Trained Last 14 Days Race Type Wins Races Win %
145 1 wins from 12 runs
8.33%
Hunter Chase 0 1
0%
Flat Turf 5 92
5.43%
Flat AW 1 40
2.5%
Chase Turf 5 89
5.62%
NH Flat 4 76
5.26%
Hurdle Turf 40 643
6.22%
Race Type
Hurdle Turf
Class
Classifications
Handicap, Hurdle
Ground
Good To Yielding
Distance
2m 1f 165y
Runners
9
Prize Money
£14,500
Is E McCarthy Improving?
Does E McCarthy Suit This Race
Horse Strength

43.6%

Session: 6817

Going % good races

13.11%

44 of 61

Distance % good races

12.11%

8 of 61

Class % good races

43.6%

18 of 179

Race Type % good races

60.5%

18 of 179

Course % good races

60.5%

18 of 179

Most Profitable Bet Type
Previous Results Summary
Date Horse
Jockey
Course/Class/Distance/Type/Prize
Classifications
Weight
Headgear
Going Finish Pos./No. Of Runners - Dist. Won/Beaten/Finish Time
In Running Comments
SP BF Odds
Plc Odds
OR
0 2024-06-11 19:15 Tropical Image
G B Noonan
Sligo / / 2m 4f 162y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-0
Tongue Strap
Good8/13 -btn 54 I Am Spider Man 11-3

rear of mid-division, never a factor, towards rear halfway and no extra after 3 out, jumped left last, tailed off

26 36.35
7.4
93
1 2024-06-11 18:15 Caoimhes Pet
G B Noonan
Sligo / / 2m 1f 182y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-2 Good7/11 -btn 19.15 Verbal Sparring 11-1

towards rear, some headway after 3 out, 8th and no impression next, no threat in straight, no extra

9.5 12.5
3.45
94
2 2024-06-11 17:45 Fast Felix
G B Noonan
Sligo / / 2m 1f 182y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-10
Tongue Strap
Good6/12 -btn 42.5 Koori Star 11-12

tracked leaders, ran freely, 2nd halfway, 3rd 2 out, soon pushed along and no impression in 4th approaching last, weakened run-in

4.5 5.27
1.78
3 2024-06-10 19:18 Dark Image
G B Noonan
Roscommon / / 1m 7f 142y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-6
Tongue Strap
Good1/16 -win 0.75 Steps In The Sand 11-8

tracked leaders, 6th halfway, ridden and headway on inner after 2 out, went 3rd at last, ridden and led 100 yards out, drifted left and kept on closing stages

13 20
3.8
92
4 2024-06-10 18:18 Boxcar Molly
G B Noonan
Roscommon / / 1m 7f 142y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-10 Good6/15 -btn 22.5 Baltinglass Hill 11-6

tracked leaders, 6th halfway, 7th approaching straight, pushed along and no impression before 2 out, slight mistake last, kept on one pace

10 13.63
2.78
82
5 2024-06-03 16:50 Younowhatimean
Mr A P Ryan
Listowel / / 3m / Chase Turf / 11K 11-0
Cheekpieces
Good7/15 -btn 102 Jeremy Pass 11-2

in rear, some progress before 3 out, weakened after 3 out, tailed off

51 100.55
13
6 2024-06-03 16:35 Obama Army
G M Ryan
Gowran Park / / 1m 1f 100y / Flat Turf / 13K 9-0
Tongue Strap
Good15/16 -btn 31.05 Glor Tire 9-1

rear of mid division, 11th halfway, pushed along entering straight, no impression from over 2f out

51 66.85
13.2
66
7 2024-06-03 15:20 Dark Image
R Deegan
Listowel / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 12K 10-13
Tongue Strap
Good13/14 -btn 55.9 Redwood Queen 11-13

rear of mid-division, 10th after 5th, weakened after 3 out

15 25.72
6.2
94
8 2024-06-03 14:50 Ollie La Ba Ba
G B Noonan
Listowel / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 13K 11-7
Tongue Strap
Good4/16 -btn 27.5 Feud 11-7

tracked leader, 3rd before 4 out, dropped to 4th approaching straight, weakened before 2 out, mistake last

19 30
7
114
9 2024-06-03 14:20 Carla's Pet
G B Noonan
Listowel / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 13K 11-2 Good9/17 -btn 13.55 Cappacurry Ealu 11-7

towards rear, progress to mid-division after 5th, 8th before 4 out, lost place before 2 out, no extra before last where not fluent

101 480
55
10 2024-06-02 16:50 Dancing Cloud
G M Ryan
Listowel / / 2m 40y / Flat Turf / 12K 9-4 Good6/13 -btn 8.75 Sign From Above 9-13

tracked leader, 4th halfway, headway and closed over 3f out, led narrowly over 2f out, headed 1 1/2f out, weakened final furlong

26 42
10.5
65
11 2024-06-01 16:50 All About Lucy
G B Noonan
Listowel / / 2m 4f 80y / Hurdle Turf / 15K 10-9
Tongue Strap
GoodP -btn All For Rachel 11-7

tracked leader, 3rd halfway, ridden and no extra 4 out, weakened next, pulled up before 2 out

9 12
4
109
12 2024-06-01 15:35 Granda George
G B Noonan
Listowel / / 2m 4f 80y / Hurdle Turf / 13K 11-2 Good8/11 -btn 35.95 Heroes Rise 10-8

led, keen hold early, joined after 4 out, headed next, soon ridden, no extra in 4th before straight, weakened before 2 out

29 52.92
8.92
13 2024-05-30 18:47 Tropical Image
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 2m 3f / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-7 Good To Yielding7/15 -btn 17.8 Seasett 11-7

towards rear, 11th halfway, some headway approaching straight, 8th and pushed along before 2 out, kept on one pace

29 40.18
7.2
93
14 2024-05-28 19:30 Weliketoparty
J P Shinnick
Ballinrobe / / 2m 6f 74y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-12 Good To YieldingF -btn Will It Be You 11-1

jumped right 1st, soon settled behind leaders, 7th halfway, closer behind leaders when fell 2 out

41 65
9.4
86
15 2024-05-28 17:30 Herbies Rover
R Deegan
Ballinrobe / / 2m 75y / Hurdle Turf / 12K 11-0 Good To Yielding5/8 -btn 20.55 Open To Question 11-7

held up towards rear, slight mistake 3rd, ridden into 5th after 2 out, no impression before last, kept on one pace

201 780
63.33
16 2024-05-17 17:00 Mattie's Mountain
P T Enright
Kilbeggan / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 12K 11-12
Tongue Strap
Good11/14 -btn 21.25 Run For Harry 11-11

in touch, a little keen, dropped to 8th after 4th, no impression and weakened before last

41 66.75
13.5
107
17 2024-05-16 19:00 Aboy Joey
G B Noonan
Clonmel / / 2m 3f / Hurdle Turf / 12K 11-0 Yielding8/16 -btn 17.55 Ballycashin 11-7

mid-division early, 7th halfway, closer in 3rd 3 out, disputed before straight, ridden and headed before 2 out, 5th and hampered 2 out, soon no extra

7 9.96
2.59
100
18 2024-05-16 18:30 Moyvilla Lass
G B Noonan
Clonmel / / 2m 3f / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-0
Tongue Strap
Yielding8/13 -btn 20.35 Flicker Of Hope 11-4

mid-division, ridden and no impression entering straight, no extra before 2 out

13 16.38
4.4
86
19 2024-05-16 14:35 Dreamline Amelia
K J Leonard
Limerick / / 7f / Flat Turf / 13K 9-3 Soft To Heavy6/7 -btn 14 Fleur De Chine 9-3

prominent, soon led, ridden and strongly pressed 2f out, headed under 2f out, weakened

151 387.12
100
20 2024-05-15 19:00 Dark Image
G B Noonan
Tipperary / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-2
Tongue Strap
Good To Yielding6/14 -btn 11.1 Farrokh 11-5

tracked leaders, 5th halfway, ridden and no impression before straight, kept on one pace

9 9.98
3.3
95
21 2024-05-15 17:30 Dylan's Chance
T Joseph Kelly
Tipperary / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-6 Good To Yielding7/13 -btn 72.75 Salvator Mundi 10-13

held up early, remote 4th halfway, ridden and no impression entering straight, no extra 2 out

101 1000
60.63
22 2024-05-13 19:45 Younowhatimean
Mr R Sugrue
Killarney / / 2m 7f / Chase Turf / 11K 11-0
Cheekpieces
Good To Yielding6/11 -btn 28.75 Early Doors 11-7

rear, 11th after 9th, headway before 3 out, no impression 2 out, soon weakened, not fluent last

126 331.86
50
23 2024-05-13 17:10 Ollie La Ba Ba
G B Noonan
Killarney / / 2m 4f 50y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-13
Tongue Strap
Good To Yielding9/12 -btn 112.75 Park The Giant 11-4

mid-division, progress before 6th, 5th after 8th, lost place and weakened after 4 out, completely tailed off

19 29.63
6.99
24 2024-05-12 17:05 Kingdom Calling
Shane Fenelon
Killarney / / 2m 1f / NH Flat / 11K 11-3 Good To Yielding10/12 -btn 94.8 Kalium 11-10

always towards rear, ridden and no impression from 4f out, tailed off

51 85
17.5
25 2024-05-12 13:35 Fast Felix
G B Noonan
Killarney / / 2m 1f / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-13
Tongue Strap
Good To Yielding5/15 -btn 45 Al Gasparo 11-4

soon tracked leader in 2nd, pushed along before 3 out where not fluent and dropped to 3rd, ridden and no extra from 2 out

13 21
3.1
26 2024-05-12 13:00 Ballinoe Blaze
G B Noonan
Killarney / / 2m 1f / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-8 Good To Yielding8/16 -btn 48 St Faz 11-7

towards rear, mistake 1st, pushed along and no impression from 4 out, kept on same pace

34 50
9.8
27 2024-05-11 17:40 Chapter Thirty
Mr R Sugrue
Cork / / 2m 60y / NH Flat / 11K 10-12 Good17/17 -btn 65.75 Churchfield Sunset 11-0

mid-division best, ridden and no extra 5f out, weakened

34 65
13
28 2024-05-11 17:05 Ma Hoey
G B Noonan
Cork / / 3m 120y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-6
Cheekpieces
Good16/18 -btn 119.05 Glencourt Valley 11-3

tracked leaders, 6th halfway, ridden and no extra 4 out, weakened and tailed off

11 16.5
4
92
29 2024-05-11 15:55 All About Lucy
G B Noonan
Cork / / 2m 4f / Hurdle Turf / 12K 11-6
Tongue Strap
Good9/17 -btn 12 Anyway 11-2

held up in mid-division, progress to track leaders after 4 out, ridden in 2nd 3 out, under pressure in 5th next, no extra before last

15 19.94
4.2
110
30 2024-05-02 19:40 Big Dee
Mr J C Barry
Punchestown / / 2m 94y / NH Flat / 18K 11-11
Hood
Yielding8/10 -btn 106.25 Wingmen 11-9

always towards rear, took keen hold, ridden under 4f out, weakened, tailed off

51 110
13.5
31 2024-04-24 19:05 Ma Hoey
G B Noonan
Bellewstown / / 2m 4f 110y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-13
Cheekpieces
Good To Yielding1/16 -win 2 O'Faolains Glory 11-9

tracked leader, 2nd halfway, disputed before 2 out, ridden after 2 out, narrowly headed approaching last, left with 4-length advantage after last, kept on closing stages

41 58.49
9.8
85
32 2024-04-23 16:45 Soldier Of Honour
G B Noonan
Tipperary / / 2m 7f 80y / Chase Turf / 11K 10-11
Cheekpieces
YieldingP -btn Lady Kate 10-10

mid-division, hampered 5th, 7th halfway, dropped to rear before 10th where mistake, soon ridden and weakened, pulled up before 5 out

19 27.35
4.3
94
33 2024-04-23 14:25 Boxcar Molly
G B Noonan
Tipperary / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 10K 10-11
Cheekpieces
Yielding5/19 -btn 13.5 Morepowertoya 11-10

mid-division, 6th 4 out, pushed along on inner entering straight, switched right before 2 out where mistake, ridden and no impression in 5th when not fluent last, kept on one pace

51 84.53
12.05
83
34 2024-04-22 17:40 Weliketoparty
G B Noonan
Tramore / / 2m 5f 110y / Hurdle Turf / 10K 11-2 Good13/16 -btn 46 Brownstone 11-6

mid-division, pushed along and no extra after 3 out

51 111
14.44
87
35 2024-04-21 14:40 Calypso Bluebird
G B Noonan
Tramore / / 2m 130y / Hurdle Turf / 15K 10-8
Tongue Strap
Yielding14/15 -btn 28.85 Gaillimh A Run 11-7

in touch, 7th after 6th, lost place after 3 out, weakened

101 366.17
45.51
36 2024-04-19 20:07 Kingdom Calling
Mr J C Barry
Ballinrobe / / 1m 7f 164y / NH Flat / 11K 11-7 Soft7/10 -btn 29.75 Butch Cassidy 11-5

rear of mid-division, 6th halfway, effort in 5th under 3f out, lost place and weakened 2f out

19 31.76
6
37 2024-04-19 18:37 All About Lucy
K M Donoghue
Ballinrobe / / 2m 6f 91y / Hurdle Turf / 15K 11-6
Tongue Strap
Soft3/6 -btn 22.5 Game And Glory 10-2

towards rear, not fluent at 3rd, 4th after 6th, effort in 3rd before last where not fluent, weakened in moderate 3rd final furlong, eased closing stages

5.5 5.97
3.3
112
38 2024-04-19 18:20 Cosmic Rock
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 2m 3f / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-4
Blinkers
Soft To Heavy3/10 -btn 3 Cosmo Renfro 11-11

led or disputed lead, led before 5 out, asserted early straight and 4 lengths clear approaching 2 out, pushed along before last, ridden and headed run-in, no extra

9.5 12
3.25
97
39 2024-04-19 17:20 Aboy Joey
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 2m 190y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-3 Soft To Heavy2/13 -btn 0.75 Ernie From Nurney 11-4

mid-division, 6th halfway, headway after 3 out and led early straight, pushed along and headed narrowly before last, ridden and kept on run-in, no impression on winner close home

5 5.7
2.32
96
40 2024-04-19 16:45 Dylan's Chance
T Joseph Kelly
Limerick / / 2m 190y / Hurdle Turf / 13K 11-0 Soft To Heavy16/16 -btn 99.25 Rocky's Diamond 11-7

mid-division, no extra after 3 out, weakened, tailed off

81 371.51
30
41 2024-04-14 16:50 Soldier Of Honour
G B Noonan
Down Royal / / 2m 4f / Chase Turf / 10K 11-1
Cheekpieces
Yielding12/16 -btn 50.25 Politicise 11-5

tracked leaders, 5th halfway, mistake 4 out and dropped towards rear before next, no extra, jumped right last

11 13.98
3
94
42 2024-04-11 15:10 Spavango
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 12K 10-2 Heavy7/8 -btn 53.5 Ballycallan King 10-13

mid-division, ran freely, 5th halfway, dropped towards rear after 3 out and no extra approaching straight, tailed off

8.5 8.2
2.58
95
43 2024-04-01 14:23 Cosmic Rock
T Joseph Kelly
Cork / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 12K 10-10
Cheekpieces
Soft9/15 -btn 9.45 Macinamillion 10-6

tracked leaders, 7th halfway, pushed along after 4 out, ridden after 3 out, soon no extra and kept on one pace from next

9.5 9.42
3.74
98
44 2024-03-24 16:40 Soldier Of Honour
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 3m 120y / Chase Turf / 11K 10-2
Cheekpieces
Heavy4/8 -btn 16.25 He Fitz In 10-6

rear of mid-division, left 4th after 4th, 5th at 12th, left moderate 4th 2 out, no extra

29 43.98
6.5
95
45 2024-03-24 14:55 Cosmic Rock
T Joseph Kelly
Limerick / / 2m 50y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-0
Cheekpieces
Heavy5/12 -btn 21 Zeeband 11-7

mid-division, dropped to 9th halfway, progress in 5th before 2 out, kept on one pace after 2 out

17 24
5.8
99
46 2024-03-17 17:10 Remma
Mr H C Swan
Down Royal / / 2m 190y / NH Flat / 10K 11-6
Hood
Soft8/9 -btn 157.75 Disco Dancer 11-4

tracked leaders, 4th halfway, pushed along and dropped to rear 6f out, soon weakened, completely tailed off

13 15
3.72
47 2024-03-16 15:05 Cosmic Rock
G B Noonan
Thurles / / 2m 4f 74y / Chase Turf / 12K 10-13
Cheekpieces
Heavy11/15 -btn 60.55 Lilian Bland 10-9

rear of mid-division, progress to 5th before 7th, headway before 3 out, under pressure after 2 out, weakened entering straight

11 16
3.8
99
48 2024-03-16 13:55 Ma Hoey
R Deegan
Thurles / / 2m 1f 192y / Chase Turf / 15K 11-7
Tongue Strap
Heavy6/7 -btn 46.75 Something Abouther 11-2

towards rear, mistake at 2nd, in rear after 3rd, 7th after 6th, mistake in moderate 6th 4 out, detached 3 out, weakened after 2 out

126 570
30.53
49 2024-02-22 14:53 Soldier Of Honour
Mr B Lawless
Thurles / / 2m 6f 16y / Chase Turf / 11K 11-6
Cheekpieces
Soft8/12 -btn 36.25 Pana To Milan 10-12

led, 1 length advantage halfway, pushed along and headed approaching straight, no extra before last, weakened

6.5 8.4
2.82
95
50 2024-02-15 16:05 Cosmic Rock
G B Noonan
Clonmel / / 2m 82y / Chase Turf / 11K 10-9
Tongue Strap
Heavy7/10 -btn 9.75 Mick Charlie 10-6

rear of mid-division, moderate 6th halfway, slow 7th and jumped left next, closer in 5th 2 out, no impression before last, kept on one pace

13 15.42
4.16
99
51 2024-02-15 14:55 Feyan
G B Noonan
Clonmel / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 10K 11-4
Hood
Heavy11/16 -btn 92.75 Kilbarry Saint 11-9

always towards rear, never a factor, no impression 2 out and no extra entering straight

81 300
23.32
90
52 2024-02-15 13:45 Spavango
G B Noonan
Clonmel / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 10K 11-7 Heavy6/10 -btn 30.25 Undeniable Alibi 11-12

rear of mid-division, dropped towards rear and slight mistake 3rd, headway travelling well on outer into 5th before straight, ridden and no extra approaching last

126 896.36
19.5
53 2024-02-07 13:30 Missiee
G B Noonan
Fairyhouse / / 2m 5f 65y / Chase Turf / 14K 11-2 Heavy3/6 -btn 94 Sainte Dona 11-7

chased leader, 5th halfway, moderate 3rd 4 out, no impression next and no extra in straight, completely tailed off

11 12
2.4
54 2024-02-02 17:00 Dreamline Amelia
K J Leonard
Dundalk / / 1m / Flat AW / 12K 9-3 Standard7/13 -btn 17.5 Nerano 9-8

mid-division best, ridden and no impression over 2f out

201 1000
120
55 2024-01-31 14:00 Obama Army
G M Ryan
Dundalk / / 1m 2f 150y / Flat AW / 12K 9-4
Tongue Strap
Standard5/14 -btn 5.1 Unterberg 8-13

tracked leaders, 5th halfway, pushed along on inner over 2f out, soon no extra and kept on one pace from over 1f out

10 15.08
3.79
67
56 2024-01-30 15:45 New Barn Lane
R Deegan
Limerick / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-6
Tongue Strap
Heavy5/7 -btn 21 Mount Frisco 11-5

held up behind leaders, 5th halfway, closer entering straight, ridden in 5th and no impression before 2 out, kept on one pace

7.5 9.2
2.48
96
57 2024-01-30 14:35 Spavango
R Deegan
Limerick / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 10K 11-12 Heavy7/14 -btn 55.8 Mistergif 11-7

held up, progress into 6th 4 out, ridden and no impression after next, no extra entering straight

251 1000
110
58 2024-01-30 14:00 Flickering Ellie
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 10K 11-5
Cheekpieces
Heavy9/10 -btn 77.3 Mag Dillane 11-7

tracked leader, 2nd halfway, ridden and no extra before straight, soon weakened, tailed off

201 1000
60
59 2024-01-30 13:25 Ma Hoey
G B Noonan
Limerick / / 2m 5f / Hurdle Turf / 10K 10-8
Tongue Strap
HeavyP -btn Noble Talent 11-7

tracked leaders, lost place halfway, towards rear 5 out, ridden and no extra 3 out, weakened and pulled up before 2 out

26 34.4
8.8
87
60 2024-01-26 19:30 Dreamline Amelia
K J Leonard
Dundalk / / 7f / Flat AW / 15K 9-3 Standard14/14 -btn 14.85 Manhattan Dreamer 9-3

led early, tracked leaders and 3rd halfway, pushed along and lost place under 2f out, soon no extra, eased inside final furlong

201 1000
160
61 2024-01-25 13:05 New Barn Lane
R Deegan
Gowran Park / / 2m / Hurdle Turf / 11K 11-8
Tongue Strap
Heavy14/18 -btn 82 Champagne Mahler 12-0

mid-division, pushed along and no impression after 3 out, no extra in straight, weakened

12 27.39
96
62 2024-01-24 15:50 Feyan
T Joseph Kelly
Fairyhouse / / 2m 3f 210y / Hurdle Turf / 10K 11-4 HeavyP -btn Rusheen 11-12

tracked leaders, ran freely, 2nd from 2nd, slight mistake 4th, 3rd halfway, weakened quickly 4 out, pulled up before next

81 376.45
27.18
92
63 2024-01-23 15:30 Soldier Of Honour
G B Noonan
Down Royal / / 2m 4f 100y / Chase Turf / 10K 11-6
Cheekpieces
Soft3/14 -btn 1.45 St Denis's Well 12-3

tracked leader, moderate 2nd halfway, ridden in 3rd 3 out, closed before 2 out, stayed on run-in to press leaders, held in 3rd close home

19 23.75
6.09
92
64 2024-01-23 13:45 Caoimhes Pet
G B Noonan
Down Royal / / 2m 1f 33y / Hurdle Turf / 11K 10-13 Soft4/9 -btn 17.5 Timeless Piece 10-13

tracked leader, 2nd halfway, disputed after 3 out, ridden in 2nd and not fluent 2 out, no extra in 3rd last, kept on one pace

7 7.85
2.54
96
65 2024-01-06 13:57 Missiee
G B Noonan
Cork / / 2m 4f / Hurdle Turf / 22K 9-11 Soft To Heavy4/8 -btn 10 Da Capo Glory 11-5

mid-division, 5th halfway, pushed along after 3 out, ridden and no impression approaching last, went moderate 4th run-in, kept on one pace

8.5 9.13
2.6
111
66 2024-01-01 13:15 Dark Image
G B Noonan
Fairyhouse / / 2m 4f 143y / Hurdle Turf / 13K 10-12
Tongue Strap
Heavy13/16 -btn 67.75 Don't Talk 11-0

mid-division, pushed along and no impression after 3 out, no extra in straight, weakened

29 71.95
8.4
97

Anonymous Ginger Ltd. does not encourages reckless gambling. This site is not intended for an audience under 18 years of age. We recommend that readers who engage in gambling do so responsibly and set financial limits. If you have a concern about problem gambling, you can contact GamCare on 0845 6000 133 or gamcare.org.uk

Anonymous Ginger © Copyright 2024, All Rights Reserved